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Objective:To investigate the effect of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its possible mechanism.Methods:A mouse model of SAH was constructed by internal carotid artery puncture. The protein and mRNA expression levels of SIRT1 at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were detected by Western Blot and qRT-PCR. A Western Blot assay was used to examine SIRT1 and the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related markers GRP78, p-PERK/PERK, p-eIF2α/eIF2α, and CHOP after administration of a SIRT1 inhibitor or SIRT1 si-RNA. At 24 h after SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage volume, neurological function score, brain water content, and blood-brain barrier integrity were measured.Results:The highest expression of SIRT1 protein and mRNA was observed at 24 h compared with other time points, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.001). Inhibition of SIRT1 expression leads to increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins GRP78, p-PERK/PERK, p-eIF2α/eIF2α, and CHOP, exacerbating hemorrhage and brain water content, disrupting blood-brain barrier integrity, and significantly reducing neurological function scores. Conclusions:Inhibition of SIRT1 expression significantly increased the endoplasmic reticulum response to excitation and exacerbated early brain injury after SAH.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of galectin-3 (gal-3) on microglia polarization after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Methods:C57BL/6 male adult mice were used to induce SAH or sham operation models. Gal-3 siRNA or negative control siRNA was injected into the lateral ventricle 48 h before the model was induced. After 24 h of model preparation, the SAH score, neurological function score, brain water content, and Evans blue exudate were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of M1 phenotypic markers (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], CD11b, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and M2 phenotype markers (CD206, YM1/2, arginase-1 [Arg1]).Results:After using Gal-3 siRNA to inhibit Gal-3, the neurological function score significantly increased, while the SAH score, brain water content, and Evans blue exudate significantly decreased ( P<0.001). Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of M1 phenotypic markers (iNOS, CD11b and TNF-α) in microglia were significantly decreased after Gal-3 inhibition, while the expressions of M2 phenotypic markers (CD206, YM1/2 and Arg1) were significantly increased ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Inhibition of Gal-3 expression can alleviate the early brain injury after SAH, and its mechanism may be associated with regulating the polarization of microglia from M1 to M2 phenotype.
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Objective:To analyze the significance and factors influencing of CT scan under the modified Valsalva maneuver. Methods:Clinical data of 52 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed from August 2021 to December 2022 were collected, all patients had calm breathing CT scan and modified Valsalva maneuver CT scan. Compare the exposure effect of the aryepiglottic fold, interarytenoid fold, postcricoid area, piriform fossa apex, posterior hypopharyngeal wall, and glottis with each CT scanning method. The effects of age, neck circumference, neck length, BMI, tumor site, and T stage on the exposure effect were analyzed. Results:In 52 patients, 50 patients（96.15%） completed CT scan at once time. The exposure effect of the CT scan under modified Valsalva maneuver in the aryepiglottic fold, interarytenoid fold, postcricoid area, piriform fossa apex, posterior hypopharyngeal wall was significantly better than CT scan under calm breathing（Z=-4.002, -8.026, -8.349, -7.781, -8.608, all P<0.01）, while CT scan under modified Valsalva maneuver was significantly worse in glottis than CT scan under calm breathing（Z=-3.625, P<0.01）. In the modified Valsalva CT scan, age had no obvious effect on the exposure effect. The exposure effect was better with long neck length, smaller neck circumference, smaller BMI and smaller T stage. The exposure of postcricoid carcinoma was better than pyriform sinus carcinoma and posterior hypopharyngeal wall carcinoma. But differences were not all statistically significant. Conclusion:The anatomical structure of the hypopharynx was clearly under CT scan with modified Valsalva maneuver, which clinical application is simple, but the effect of glottis was worse. The influence of age, neck circumference, neck length, BMI, and tumor T stage on the exposure effect still needs further investigation.
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Humans , Hypopharynx/diagnostic imaging , Valsalva Maneuver , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , CarcinomaABSTRACT
【Objective】 To explore the value of thrombelastogram(TEG) on monitoring the coagulation function and guiding blood transfusion in admitted patients in early stage of severe trauma. 【Methods】 A total of 96 patients in early stage of severe trauma were selected from Ezhou Central Hospital, and were divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 48 patients in each group. The control group was guided by four routine coagulation tests for blood transfusion, while the observation group was guided by TEG.The detection rate of trauma-induced coagulopathy, detection duration, blood infusion volume within 24 hours of admission, coagulation index levels at different time points after blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, ICU stay, and mortality rate between the two groups were compared. 【Results】 The detection rate of trauma-induced coagulopathy was 72.9% in the control group and 93.8% in the observation group(P<0.05). The transfusion volume of fresh frozen plasma (U) and red blood cell (U) in the observation group within 24 hours of admission were significantly lower than those in the control group, which were (35.13±4.75) vs (45.17±6.54), (5.19±1.41) vs (7.08±1.32) (P<0.05); the tranfusion volume of cryoprecipitate (U) and the rate of platelet transfusion in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, which were (36.78±2.49) vs (24.84±3.92), 79.2% vs 22.9%(P<0.05). The APTT(s), PT(s), TT(s), R(min), and K(min) in the observation group 8 hours after blood transfusion were significantly lower than those in the control group, which were (58.16±10.39) vs (70.83±14.99), (15.44±3.22) vs (17.32±2.89), (21.39±4.51) vs (25.18±4.73), (13.03±3.29) vs (14.95±4.57), and (8.07±3.65) vs (10.54±5.14) (P<0.05), while FIB(g/L), MA(mm), α(°), and Plt (×109/L) were higher than those in the control group, which were (2.02±0.46) vs (1.09±0.27), (35.56±11.88) vs (29.57±9.25), (40.07±13.34) vs (27.23±10.87), and (135.87±59.13) vs (108.17±52.08) (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 TEG can help monitoring the coagulation function in patients in early stage of severe trauma and guide the blood transfusion.
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Objective@#We primarily aimed to investigate the attention network function among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the Attention Network Test (ANT). The secondary objective was to observe whether the three attention networks of all participants were related to each other. @*Methods@#We included 28 parents of children with ASD and 28 well-matched parents of typically developing children. All participants underwent the neuropsychological assessment and ANT test. The three distinct attention networks, including alerting, orienting, and executive control, were also measured. @*Results@#Compared with controls, parents of children with ASD showed less-efficient alerting and executive control network (all p<0.05), but not orienting network (p=0.74). No significant correlation was found between the alerting, orienting, and executive control network for either group. @*Conclusion@#Our findings showed that parents of children with ASD had deficits in alerting and executive control attention functions. The deficits are indications of a broad autism phenotype.
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Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of X-ray mammography, ultrasound and MRI in breast cancer with silicone implants.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 20 patients with breast cancer in women with silicone implants in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2014 to October 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The mammography, ultrasound and MRI findings were analyzed, and the differences in detection rate, diagnostic accuracy and omission diagnostic rate of breast cancer in women with implants were compared among the three imaging methods.Results:Compared with mammography, both ultrasound and MRI were able to display the prosthesis and breast lesions completely. There were significant differences in detection rate, diagnostic accuracy and omission diagnostic rate among mammography, ultrasound and MRI. And the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of MRI in breast cancer in women with implants were higher than those of mammography, and the omission diagnostic rate was lower.Conclusions:Ultrasound and MRI are superior to mammography in evaluating breast cancer after silicone prosthesis implantation, and MRI has more advantages in guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective@#To understand the prevalence and distribution of learning disabilities among middle school students in Beijing.@*Methods@#By using stratified random cluster sampling, 6 365 students in grade one and grade two of 12 public middle schools in urban and rural in Beijing were selected. Criteria for learning disabilities included the following: on campus healthy students without serious physical and mental diseases and normal IQ assessed by combined Raven intelligence test; positive in the teacher rated Screening Scale for Middle School Students with Learning Disabilities; percentile ranking (below the bottom 10% percentile of grade) of the academic performance in the Chinese, mathematics and English tests.@*Results@#The learning disabilities of the subjects were determined by the teachers and it was found that the score of words reading, reading understanding, words spell, written expression, number calculation, mathematical reasoning and the total score of the scale were respectively (20.78±4.00, 18.16 ±4.35, 21.50±3.89, 20.06±3.92, 21.12±5.23. 18.67±5.35, 120.28±19.99) points. There were differences in the total score of learning ability between urban and rural areas, gender and grade. Urban area was better than rural area, girls were better than boys, and junior two students were better than junior one students( t=12.94, 9.94, 3.07, P <0.05). A total of 445(7%) students with learning disabilities were detected. Reading disabilities accounted for 5.0%, dysgraphia 2.7% and math disabilities 4.6%. Prevalence of learning ability differed by urban rural regions, gender and grade, with girls and students from urban areas and grade two being significantly lower( t =12.94, 9.94, 3.07, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of learning disabilities in middle school students is high, which needs more attention.
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Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI) and its combination with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating breast benign from malignant lesions.Methods:This was a prospective study. From July to December 2020, 226 patients with breast lesions confirmed by surgery or puncture pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected. All patients underwent MR T 1-weighted imaging, T 2-weighted imaging, DWI, APTWI, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry at an offset of 3.5 ppm [MTRasym(3.5 ppm)] were obtained from DWI and APTWI respectively. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of DWI and APTWI parameters between breast benign and malignant lesions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the differences of diagnostic efficacy between DWI, APTWI, and their combination. Results:There were 226 patients with 226 breast lesions, including 124 malignant and 102 benign lesions. The ADC values of patients with malignant breast lesions [1.03 (0.93, 1.13)×10 -3 mm 2/s] and MTRasym (3.5 ppm) [1.95% (1.10%, 2.88%)] were lower than those of benign breast lesions [1.38 (1.11, 1.55)×10 -3 mm 2/s, 3.30% (2.20%, 4.20%), respectively], and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-8.19, -6.51, P<0.05). The area under the ROC curves (AUC) of DWI, APTWI, and its combination in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions were 0.817, 0.752, and 0.868, respectively. The AUC of the combination of DWI and APTWI was higher than that of DWI and APTWI ( Z=4.00, 2.93, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC between DWI and APTWI diagnoses ( Z=1.58, P>0.05). Taking 1.25×10 -3 mm 2/s as the optimal cut-off value for ADC values, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 94.4% (117/124), 62.7% (64/102), and 80.1% (181/226), respectively; Taking 2.70% as the optimal cut-off value for MTRasym (3.5 ppm), the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 73.4% (91/124), 64.7% (66/102), and 69.5% (157/226), respectively, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of DWI combined with APTWI in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 82.3% (102/124), 79.4% (81/102), and 81.0% (183/226), respectively. Conclusion:APTWI can be used for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions, and the combination of APTWI and DWI can obtain the better diagnostic performance than the single method.
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Objective:To explore the effect of the 3D printed model assisted network teaching of neurosurgery.Methods:Seventy-six probation students were divided into: 3D printed model assisted online course teaching group (test group) and traditional teaching group (control group). After 1-month online teaching, quantitative assessment and satisfaction survey were carried out. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis of variance.Results:The department graduation test (theory and operation) scores of students in the test group were (86.7±7.4) points, which was significantly higher than those in the control group (78.2±8.2) points ( t=5.56, P<0.01). The teaching satisfaction survey showed that the test group had significantly higher scores in self-evaluation of spatial imagination ( t=3.81, P<0.01), deepening understanding of neuroanatomy ( t=5.29, P<0.01), and increasing interest in clinical learning ( t=5.12, P<0.01) than those of the control group. Conclusion:Compared with the conventional online teaching methods, 3D printed model assisted online teaching helps to improve teaching quality and students' satisfaction.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical value of computer tomography (CT)-based three-section formula in identification of Siewert types of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopatho-logical data of 62 AEG patients who were admitted to two medical centers, including 33 patients from Peking University Cancer Hospital and 29 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Amy Medical University, between January 2019 and January 2021 were collected. There were 53 males and 9 females, aged (66±9)years. All patients underwent CT examination to obtain the coronal and axial images and determine the upper and lower edges of the tumor and the esophagogastric junction, which were imported into the formula for Siewert classification. Observation indicators: (1) results of CT examination and pathological examination; (2) consistence of judgements for CT examination between doctors; (3) consistence of judgements between CT examination and patholo-gical examination. Results of pathological examination came from intraoperative surgical observa-tion and postoperative histopathological examination. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages. The consistency coefficient Kappa ( κ) was used to evaluate the consistency of diagnosis between resear-chers. The κ≥0.75 was regarded as excellent consistency, 0.40< κ<0.75 as good consistency, κ ≤0.40 as poor consistency. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to evaluate the statistical difference between results of the CT-based three-section formula method and the pathological examination. Taking the results of histopathological examination as standard, the sensitivity, specifi-city, accuracy and 95% confidence interval of the CT-based three-section formula method were calculated. Results:(1) Results of CT examination and pathological examination: all the 62 patients underwent CT examination successfully to obtain the coronal and axial images and determine the upper and lower edges of the tumor and the esophagogastric junction, which were used for Siewert classifica-tion. There were 3 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅰ, 47 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅱ and 12 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅲ according to doctor's judgement from the Peking University Cancer Hospital, and there were 3 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅰ, 49 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅱ and 10 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅲ according to doctor's judgement from the First Affiliated Hospital of Amy Medical University, respectively. After arbitration, there were 2 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅰ, 48 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅱ and 12 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅲ determined by the CT based three-section formula. There were 7 cases of stage T1, 10 cases of stage T2, 24 cases of stage T3, 14 of stage T4a and 7 cases of stage T4b of pathological T staging. There were 2 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅰ, 48 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅱ and 12 cases with AEG of Siewert type Ⅲ determined by pathological examination. (2) Consistence of judgements for CT examination between doctors: the consistency of Siewert classification determined by CT-based three-section formula between 2 doctors was good ( κ=0.74, P<0.001). (3) Consistence of judgements between pathological examination and CT examination: with Siewert classification determined by pathological examination as reference, the accuracy of Siewert classification determined by CT based three-section formula was 90.3%( κ=0.73, P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of CT-based three-section formula were 66.7%(95% confidence interval as 20.8%-93.9%) and 100.0%(95% confidence interval as 93.9%-100.0%) for AEG of Siewert type Ⅰ, 97.7%(95% confidence interval as 88.2%-99.6%) and 72.2%(95% confidence interval as 49.1%-87.5%) for AEG of Siewert type Ⅱ, 73.3%(95% confidence interval as 48.0%-89.1%) and 97.9%(95% confidence interval as 88.9%-99.9%) for AEG of Siewert type Ⅲ, respectively. Conclusion:The CT-based three-section formula can be used for identification of Siewert types of AEG, with a high accuracy.
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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of preoperative abdominal adipose tissue measurement for early recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 238 patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection from January 2018 to January 2020 in 2 medical centers in China were collected, including 46 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and 192 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University. There were 207 males and 31 females, aged 51(48,65)years. All patients underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgery. Observation indicators: (1) measure-ment of abdominal adipose tissue; (2) follow-up; (3) analysis of influencing factors for early recurrence after resection of HCC; (4) prediction of early recurrence after resection of HCC. Follow-up was conducted by outpatient examinations and telephone interview to detect the postoperative survival of patients up to February 2022. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was performed by the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution was represented by M(range) or M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was performed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percen-tages, and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Univariate analysis was conducted using the corresponding statistical methods based on data type. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Logistic regression model advance method. The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn, and the area under curve was used to evaluate the efficacy. Results:(1) Measure-ment of abdominal adipose tissue. Of the 238 patients, the total abdominal adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, total adipose tissue index, visceral adipose tissue index, subcutaneous adipose tissue index were 292(198,355)cm 2, 153(99,194)cm 2, 128(95,154)cm 2, 106(76,130)cm 2/m 2, (57±27)cm 2/m 2, 46(34,58)cm 2/m 2 for 139 patients with early postoperative recur-rence, versus 174(114,251)cm 2, 78(50,110)cm 2, 88(55,127)cm 2, 64(42,91)cm 2/m 2, (30±16)cm 2/m 2, 31(19,46) cm 2/m 2 for 99 patients without early recurrence, respectively, showing significant diffe-rences between them ( Z=?7.39, ?7.87, ?5.03, ?7.25, t=?9.46, Z=?5.00, P<0.05). (2) Follow-up. All the 238 patients were followed up according to the plan. The survival time of 238 patients was 26(8,44)months. The survival time was 11(5,18)months for patients with postoperative early recur-rence, versus 36(32,43)months for patients without early recurrence, respectively. (3) Analysis of influencing factors for early recurrence after resection of HCC. Results of univariate analysis showed that body mass index, total adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, total adipose tissue index, visceral adipose tissue index and subcutaneous adipose tissue index were related factors for early recurrence after resection of HCC ( t=?5.88, Z=?7.39, ?7.87, ?5.03, ?7.25, t=?9.46, Z=?5.00, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that visceral adipose tissue index was an independent influencing factor for early recurrence after resection of HCC ( odds ratio=1.06, 95% confidence interval as 1.04?1.08, P<0.05). (4) Prediction of early recurrence after resection of HCC. According to the results of multivariate analysis, the receiver operating characteris-tic curve showed that the area under curve of visceral adipose tissue index was 0.80 (95% confidence interval as 0.75?0.86, P<0.05), with the sensitivity and specificity as 75.5% and 71.7%. Conclusions:Visceral adipose tissue index is an independent influencing factor for early recurrence after resection of HCC. The risk of early recurrence increases with the increase of visceral adipose tissue index.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of naringin on early brain injury in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage and its possible mechanism of action.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group, and the naringin group. Each group had 8 rats. The SAH model was established by intravascular perforation, and then rats in the model group and the naringin group were administered 0.9% NaCl or naringin 40 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection after 0.5 h. SAH score, neurological function score, cerebral edema, and blood-brain barrier permeability were detected. The level of NAD + and nflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. The expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), and protease-activated receptor (PAR) proteins was detected by Western Blot. The expression of PARP-1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR). Neuronal apoptosis was detected by an immunofluorescence assay. Results:Compared with the model group, naringin treatment improved neurological function ( P<0.01), reduced cerebral edema and Evans blue exudation (all P<0.01), increased the content of NAD + ( P<0.001), reduced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels (all P<0.001), and reduced the expression of PARP-1/AIF pathway-related proteins in vivo (all P<0.001). In addition, naringin could inhibit neuronal apoptosis in early brain injury after SAH. Conclusions:Naringin can improve the early brain injury after SAH, which may be achieved by inhibiting the PARP-1/AIF pathway.
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Objective@#The study aimed to investigate the diurnal variation in cervical disc hydration and its relationship with cervical degeneration. @*Materials and Methods@#C3–C7 discs of 86 prospectively enrolled participants (37 males, 49 females; mean age ± standard deviation, 23.5 ± 2.5 years) were assessed using T2 mapping in the morning and evening. All discs were stratified by Miyazaki grade or C2–C7 Cobb angle and T2 values (T2). The degree of diurnal T2 variation (T2-DDV), defined as (morning T2 – evening T2)/morning T2 x 100%, was measured for the entire disc, annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP), and endplate zones. @*Results@#T2 of the entire disc decreased significantly after the daytime load (p < 0.001), with a T2-DDV of 13.3% for all discs and 16.0%, 12.2%, and 13.0% for healthy (grade I), mild degenerative (grade II), and advanced degenerative (grade III/IV) discs, respectively. T2 of regional NPs and AFs decreased significantly from morning to evening (p ≤ 0.049) except in the healthy anterior inner AF (p = 0.092). Compared with healthy discs, mild degenerative discs displayed lower T2 and T2-DDV in regional NPs (p < 0.001). Advanced degenerative discs showed higher T2-DDV in the anterior inner AF compared with healthy discs (p = 0.050). Significant diurnal T2 changes in the endplate zones were observed only in healthy discs (p = 0.013). Cervical discs in the low Cobb angle group showed higher T2-DDV in the anterior AFs and anterior NP and lower T2-DDV in the posterior AF than those in the high Cobb angle group (p ≤ 0.041). @*Conclusion@#This study characterized the diurnal variation in hydration of the cervical discs as assessed using T2 mapping and revealed early chemo-mechanical coupling dysfunction in degenerating discs. Cervical sagittal alignment on MRI can affect the diurnal stress patterns of the cervical discs. T2 mapping is sensitive to disc biomechanical dysfunction and offers translational potential from biomechanical research to clinical application.
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OBJECTIVE To stud y the regulation mechanism of miRNA- 18a and miRNA-4802 on drug resistance of lymphoma cells via autophagy. METHODS Using human burkitt ’s lymphoma cell Daudi and human mantle cell lymphoma cell JeKo- 1 as the research objects ，adriamycin（ADR）and vincristine （VCR）as experimental drugs. After treatment of ADR and VCR ，relative cell viability was detected with CCK- 8 kit；the expression of apoptosis marker protein activated cleaved caspase- 9 and cleaved caspase-6 were detected by Western blot assay. The drug resistances of the two cells to ADR and VCR were investigated. The difference of autophagy activity between the two kinds of cells by expression detection of autophagy related proteins LC 3-Ⅱ and p62，autophagy flow experiment and transmission electron microscope observation. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the expression differences of miRNA- 18a and miRNA- 4802，ULK1 and ATG 7 mRNA in the two cells，and to detect the expression differences of ULK 1 and ATG 7 proteins. Taking JeKo- 1 cells as the research object ，the changes of autophagy activity and drug resistance were investigated after treatment with endogenous miRNAs （miRNA-18a mimics ， miRNA-4802 mimics）of two simulated organisms. RESULTS After ADR and VCR treatment ，compared with Daudi cells ，JeKo-1 cells had stronger drug resistance and autophagy activity. The expression of miRNA- 18a and miRNA- 4802 in JeKo- 1 cells were significantly lower than Daudi cells ，mRNA and protein expression of ULK 1 and ATG 7 were significantly higher than those of Daudi cells （P＜0.001）. After treatment of miRNA- 18a mimics and miRNA- 4802 mimics，the autophagy activities and drug resistances of JeKo- 1 cells were decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-18a and miRNA- 4802 can decrease drug resistances of lymphoma cells to ADR and VCR by reducing 2 the expression of autophagy-initiating genes ULK1 and ATG7， and inhibiting the autophagy activity of lymphoma cells.
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Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of transrectal ultrasound(TRUS)/multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI) fusion targeted biopsy(FTB) for clinically significant prostate cancer(PCa) detection by using both biopsy histopathology and radical prostatectomy histopathology as reference standards.Methods:A total of 303 consecutive patients with suspicious lesions detected by mpMBI and underwent prostate biopsy at Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between November 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All the suspicious lesions were sampled by TRUS/mpMRI FTB in addition with standard 12-core systematic biopsy(SB). The clinically significant PCa detection rates by TRUS/mpMRI FTB and SB were compared by using both biopsy histopathology and radical prostatectomy histopathology as reference standards.Results:The diagnosis of PCa was histologically confirmed in 189 of 303 patients, including 178 patients with clinically significant PCa and 11 patients with clinically insignificant PCa. With biopsy histopathology as reference standard, the clinically significant PCa detection rate of TRUS/mpMRI FTB was statistically higher than SB (57.1% vs 45.9%, P<0.001). Among 189 patients with biopsy proven PCa, 80 patients underwent radical prostatectomy, and the radical prostatectomy histopathology confirmed 79 patients with clinically significant PCa.With radical prostatectomy as reference standard, the clinically significant PCa detection rate of TRUS/mpMRI FTB was statistically higher than SB (91.1% vs 74.7%, P<0.001). Conclusions:Compared with SB, MRI/US FTB can offer more accurate sampling of suspicious lesions on mpMRI, and consequently improve the clinically significant PCa detection rate.
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Objective To determine the effect of trunk motion control on knee biomechanics during single-leg landing. Methods Twenty male healthy basketball players were recruited. The kinematics, kinetics parameters and surface electromyogram (EMG) of knee joints under trunk motion control during single-leg landing were studied by using Vicon motion Analysis system, Kistler force platform and Noraxon surface EMG system. Results Compared with natural landing, there were significant differences in flexion angle at initial contact moment, peak flexion angle and peak flexion moment during deeply inspiratory landing and landing with a stick, and a significantly larger flexion angle at initial contact moment, a larger peak flexion angle and smaller peak flexion moment were also found. Compared with natural landing, there was no statistical difference in peak valgus angle and peak valgus moment, as well as EMG activity of hamstrings, quadriceps muscles of the knee during deeply inspiratory landing and landing with a stick. Conclusions Deeply inspiratory landing or landing with a stick reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and the results provide the theoretical basis for prevention of ACL injuries in basketball players during landing.
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Objective:To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From January 2021 to September 2021, a total of 58 NAION patients (105 eyes) (NAION group) and 33 cases (63 eyes) in the healthy control (HC) group were included from Department of Ophthalmology of First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital. Patients underwent best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field, CFF and flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) examinations. BCVA examination was performed using a Snellen decimal visual acuity chart and was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity. In the affected eyes group, there were 56 cases (72 eyes), 31 cases (43 eyes) male and 25 cases (29 eyes) female, with an average age of 49.28±11.42 years old. And the affected eyes were divided into 4 groups: <1, 1-<3, 3-<6 and >6 months according to the time interval from onset to CFF examination, which were 20(27.8%), 26 (36.1%), 17 (23.6%) and 9 (12.5%) eyes, respectively. According to the BCVA ≥0.5, 0.1-0.5, <0.1 in CFF examination, the affected eyes were divided into a mild, moderate, and severe degree, 33 (45.8%), 32(44.4%) and 7 (9.8%) eyes, respectively. Sixty-three eyes of 33 cases were in the HC group. There were 17 cases(31 eyes) males and 16 cases (32 eyes) females, with an average age of 35.18±10.96 years. Hand-held CFF detector type 2 (Japan, NEITZ company) was used for the CFF examination. The thickness of peripheral retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular inner limiting membrane retinal pigment epithelium (mILM-RPE), F-VEP peak time and peak value and mean visual field defect (MD) values were recorded within 1 week of CFF examination. The CFF value of the above subgroups was analyzed in order using one-way ANOVA. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation between CFF and F-VEP peak time, peak value, BCVA and MD. The correlations between BCVA, visual field, F-VEP, and CFF were analyzed.Results:The trichromatic values of red, green and yellow in NAION affected eyes were 22.56±10.30, 24.10±11.51, 24.81±11.41 Hz, respectively, which was significantly reduced compared with the HC group ( t=-10.53,-11.11,-11.36; P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CFF-red, green, and yellow values at different time points after the onset of the disease ( F=2.075, 1.893, 2.073; P>0.05). Compared CFF-red, green, and yellow values in NAION-affected eyes with different degrees, the difference was statistically significant ( F=31.579, 27.332, 32.055; P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that the peak time of F-VEP ( r=-0.362, -0.379,-0.357; P<0.05), BCVA ( r=-0.705,-0.695,-0.714; P<0.05), and which was negatively correlated with CFF three color. MD and CFF were positively correlated ( r=0.486, 0.435, 0.450; P<0.05). Conclusion:The CFF value of the affected eye is decreased significantly in NAION-affected eyes, and CFF is more sensitive than F-VEP in reflecting visual impairment, and has a good correlation with visual function and latency of F-VEP.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethy-lanetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative diagnosis of macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM-HCC).Methods:The diagnostic test was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 150 HCC patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected. There were 116 males and 34 females, aged (53±10)years. There were 38 MTM-HCC patients and 112 non-macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (nMTM-HCC) patients. All patients received Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI examination. Observation indicators: (1) clinicopathological features of MTM-HCC and nMTM-HCC; (2) imaging features of MTM-HCC and nMTM-HCC; (3) imaging features for diagnosis of MTM-HCC. The normality test of continuous data was analyzed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Measurement data with normal distribution and homoscedasticity were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( P25, P75), and comparison between groups was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate diagnostic value of indicators, and Delong test was used for comparison. Results:(1) Clinicopathological features of MTM-HCC and nMTM-HCC: the alpha-fetoprotein and cases with microvascular invasion were 329 μg/L(20 μg/L,1 034 μg/L) and 24 for MTM-HCC patients, versus 25 μg/L(8 μg/L,200 μg/L) and 31 for nMTM-HCC patients, showing significant differences between the two groups ( Z=-3.306, χ2=15.380, P<0.05). (2) Imaging features of MTM-HCC and nMTM-HCC: cases with regular morphology of tumor, intra-tumoral fat, arterial phase peritumoral enhancement, complete capsule, intratumoral necrosis or ischemia, peritumoral hypointense at hepatobiliary phase (HBP) were 6, 4, 20, 5, 28, 17 for MTM-HCC patients, versus 44, 40, 21, 43, 26, 11 for nMTM-HCC patients, showing significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=7.049, 8.684, 16.399, 8.303, 31.368, 22.783, P<0.05). (3) Imaging features for diagnosis of MTM-HCC. ① Results of multivariate analysis showed that intratumoral fat, intratumoral necrosis or ischemia were independent predictors for MTM-HCC ( hazard ratio=4.033,0.215, 95% confidence interval as 1.196-13.603, 0.079-0.588, P<0.05). ② Diagnostic efficacy: the arear under ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity of intratumoral fat combined with intratumoral necrosis or ischemia for diagnosis of MTM-HCC were 0.799(95% confidence interval as 0.718-0.880, P<0.05), 73.7%, 76.8%. The above indicators of intratumoral fat for diagnosis of MTM-HCC were 0.626(95% confidence interval as 0.530-0.721, P<0.05), 89.5%, 35.7%. The above indicators of intratumoral necrosis or ischemia for diagnosis of MTM-HCC were 0.752(95% confidence interval as 0.659-0.845, P<0.05), 73.7%, 76.8%. There were significant differences in the diagnostic efficacy between the intratumoral fat combined with intratumoral necrosis or ischemia and single intratumoral fat, between the intratumoral fat combined with intratumoral necrosis or ischemia and single intratumoral necrosis or ischemia, respectively ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Intratumoral fat, intratumoral necrosis or ischemia on Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI are independent predictors for MTM-HCC. The two combined features has higher diagnostic efficacy. Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI can be used for pre-operative diagnosis of MTM-HCC.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on Sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-mediated high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1) deacetylation in the early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Methods:A total of 176 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham operation (Sham group) ( n=48), SAH group ( n=48), OA group ( n=48) and Sirtinol group ( n=32). Rats in the SAH group, OA group and the Sirtinol group all adopted internal carotid artery puncture to construct SAH model, while rats in the sham group did not adopt puncture. One hour after modeling, the rats in the OA group were given intraperitoneal injection of OA (20 mg/kg), and the rats in the Sirtinol group were given intracerebroventricular injection of Sirtinol (2 mmol/L, 30 μL/kg). The rats in the sham group and SAH group were injected with equal volumes of sodium chloride injection. The SAH score and neurological score were performed 24 h after SAH, and the water content in the brain tissue and Evans blue exudation rate were measured. The expressions of HMGB1, SIRT1 and acetylated HMGB1 proteins in the brain tissue of rats were detected by Western Blot. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA in the brain of the rats was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The distribution of HMGB1 protein in the brain of the rats was observed by immunofluorescence staining. TUNEL staining was used to observe the neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue of the rats. Results:Compared with the SAH group, the SAH score of the OA group was significantly reduced ( P<0.001), the Garcia score was increased ( P<0.01), and the brain water content and Evans blue exudation rate were both reduced (all P<0.01). Compared with the OA group, the SAH score of the Sirtinol group was increased ( P<0.01), the Garcia score was significantly decreased ( P<0.001), and the brain water content and Evans blue exudation rate were both increased (all P<0.01). The results of Western Blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed that, compared with the SAH group, the protein level ( P<0.01) and mRNA level ( P<0.05) of HMGB1 in the OA group were decreased, the expression of SIRT1 protein was significantly increased ( P<0.001), and the expression of acetylated HMGB1 protein was decreased ( P<0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed that OA inhibited the migration of HMGB1 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. TUNEL staining showed that OA could effectively reduce the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Compared with the OA group, Sirtinol significantly increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusions:OA can reduce the release of HMGB1 through the SIRT1/HMGB1 pathway, thereby protecting the early brain injury after SAH.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement eff ects and p otential mechanism of chelidonine on CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis model rats. METHODS ：According to the random number table method ，a total of 48 rats were randomly divided into normal control group ，model group ，chelidonine low-dose ，middle-dose and high-dose groups （0.125，0.25，0.50 mg/kg），positive control group （Liver-protecting tablet ，0.42 g/kg），with 8 rats in each group. Except for normal control group ，other groups were given CCl 4-olive oil solution intraperitoneally for 8 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis model. From the fifth week of modeling ， normal control group and model group were given water intragastrically ；administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically，once a day ，for consecutive 10 weeks. After last intragastric administration ，hepatic index of rats was calculated. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase （AST），alanine aminotransferase （ALT）and hyaluronic acid （HA）in serum and the level of hydroxyproline （Hyp）in liver tissue were determined. The staining of collagen fibrin in rat liver was observed. The protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA），microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3（LC3）and p 62 as well as the phosphorylation level of phosphoinositide 3 kinase（PI3K），protein kinase B （Akt）and mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）in liver tissue were determined ；mRNA expression corresponding to above protein were also determined. RESULTS ：Compared with normal control group ，the hepatic index ，the serum levels of AST ，ALT，HA and Hyp ，the percentage of positive staining area for collagen fibrin ，the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA and LC 3- Ⅱ were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Protein expression of p 62，phosphorylation levels of PI 3K，Akt and mTOR as well as mRNA expression of p 62，PI3K，Akt and mTOR were significantly down-regulated （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，phosphorylation levels of PI 3K and mTOR were decreased significantly in chelidonine low-dose group （P＜0.05）. The changes of above indexes in chelidonine middle-dose and high-dose groups （except for liver index ， HA level in middle-dose group ） were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Chelidonine can attenuate CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis in rats ；the mechanism of it may be associated with activating PI 3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibiting autophagy.